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Norbadione A
Norbadione A is a pigment found in the bay bolete mushroom (''Boletus badius''). A polyphenol, norbadione A is related to a family of mushroom pigments known as pulvinic acids.〔 The molecule has also been reported as a potassium salt from the mushrooms ''Pisolithus tinctorius'' (horse dung fungus)〔 and ''Chalciporus piperatus''.〔
==Properties==
Norbadione A has seven acid-base functional groups, among which are two enolic and two carboxylic acid moieties.〔 These functional groups confer water-solubility to the molecule. It selectively complexes cesium cations (Cs+),〔 with an efficiency comparable to that of some calixarenes or crown ethers.〔 It has been investigated for its ability to provide a protective effect against the damaging effects of ionizing radiation, an effect attributed to its ability to protect DNA-related targets from irradiation.〔 Tests with cell cultures and mice show that although it has some protective effect, it is toxic to cells in higher doses.〔 A diverse array of synthetic derivatives of norbadione A has been created to explore the effect of structure on antioxidant properties and cytotoxicity.〔 A series of alkali chelators based on the structure of norbadione A has been reported.〔 The intramolecular protonation process has been determined. There is a pH-dependent ''Z'' to ''E'' isomer switch that occurs in both pulvinate moieties,〔 which yields four stereoisomeric forms (''E/E'', ''E/Z'', ''Z/Z'', ''Z/E''). These stereoisomers may have a widely differing ability to form complexes with Cs+ in solution.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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